INTERCULTURAL DESIGN PROPOSAL, DATA COLLECTION & VISUAL DESIGN

As we're living in a visual information culture, most information we see are likely to be presented in the form of visual. For example, through the shorts from TikTok and reels on Instagram we could look at the captions.

visuals are very important, persuasive and a powerful medium
similar visual is shared when it delivers the correct information most efficiently

Fig 1.1 Percentage of audiences

Visual graphic exist to effectively communicate the essence and the information to the audience as efficiently and as effectively as possible.

Visuals are..

everything that can be seen
visual is what we perceive information through our eyes
when visuals, including nature, gain specific meanings or purposes, they become graphic communication
things humans create for visual representation typically serve specific communicative functions

The same visual may not have the same meaning:

Fig 1.2 Example of different visual outcome of a tree

the moment you relate certain metaphor, certain symbolism, certain value to it, it becomes something else
the first tree: the Bodhi Tree where Buddha attained enlightenment, embodies Buddhism's essence.
the second tree: Yggdrasil from Scandinavian Viking culture, serves as a powerful symbol of the tree of life.
the last tree: a skincare brand, represents the use of natural ingredients in their products

Addressing Cultural Sensitivity

designers need to understand cultural meanings, symbols, and contexts to create inclusive designs that connect with diverse audiences
cultural sensitivity helps designers create visuals that are not only aesthetically pleasing but also inclusive

Tattoos between the sailors and the Japanese culture:

Both share similarities in terms of the visual representation, as both are forms of body art. However, delving deeper into the meanings behind these visuals reveals that the purpose of each tattoo becomes something else.

Fig 1.3 Tattoos between the sailors and the Japanese culture

Fig 1.4 Representation of tattoos in both cultures

1. Sailor

each tattoo that they have on their body symbolizes the stories and journeys they undertake across the open water
achievements that they unlock along the way (e.g. a star tattoo might signify a sailor's ability to always find their way home/personal accomplishment)
identification in case of accidents or death at sea

2. Japanese culture

initially to convey societal status as well as spiritual symbol and as a charmed as a protection
in Japanese culture, tattoos are often linked with the Yakuza, which is seen negatively due to their criminal associations
in Japan today, there's more acceptance of tattoos but they're still mainly seen as a form of identification, especially with criminal connections

Fig 1.5 Design System

Fig 1.6 Example of the symbolism of a ladybug

Ladybugs are generally associated as a symbol of luck or fate (positive aspect in life). The western part of the countries perceived the spots on the back of a ladybug is believed to represent the number of lucky months ahead whereas the Japanese culture, the spots are associated with bad luck instead.

Overall, cultural sensitivity in interpreting visuals goes beyond their aesthetic appeal, it includes recognizing their cultural meanings and historical contexts. Cultural sensitivity in design respects diverse perspectives, avoids stereotypes, and fosters inclusivity.

INSTRUCTIONS

TASKS

TASK 1: PROPOSAL

Week 1-3: We were assigned to form a group of 5 to 6 people and study a cultural phenomenon or sensitive subculture within the theme of "Cultural Sensitivity in Design". To convey the cultural aspect accurately while raising awareness, we'll generate ideas on visually expressing interpretations using design language, each supported by a brief rationale. Visual research will aid in idea development.

final submission of task 1(week 3) should consist of:

Powerpoint presentation of the proposal that contains:

200-word write-up defining and interpreting the theme in relation to the chosen cultural elements
Citation is necessary as evidence to the research
A minimum of 3 preliminary ideas in detailed sketches, each with individual rationale
Visual references (visuals that inspire/influence those ideas)
Reference list
Picture credits

PROCESS

1. FORMING A GROUP

Week 1 (16/02): During our first lecture class, students who weren't participating in the Osaka trip were tasked with forming groups based on the color of stickers they were given. Each colour of the stickers represented our semester and course, ensuring that groups had diverse compositions. We were encouraged to actively seek out international students to enhance our group interaction and foster cross-cultural collaboration.

Fig T1.1 name list of group 50, Week 1 (16/02/2024)

The class ended early, my group members and I had a small discussion on what topic we should research about. We decided to delve into a subculture centered around Buddhist temples, considering our group's composition of three Malaysians, one Thai, and one Korean residing in Japan, all hailing from Asian countries. Additionally, as all of us identify as Buddhist, we aimed to spotlight our shared cultural backgrounds while embracing our individual differences and to follow the rules to avoid disrespect.However, our topic was too broad because we weren't sure about the instructions and what parts of the subculture were considered 'sensitive'.

Subsequently, a student from the Intercultural Design class reached out to us, seeking to join our group after experiencing difficulties with her previous team's cooperation, which causes a lack of progress. Recognizing the potential benefits of her knowledge, particularly given our uncertainty about the project direction, we welcomed her into our group, believing she could assist us in our project.

Fig T1.2 updated name list of group 50, Week 2 (20/02/2024)

Following Xiao Fang's explanation about the subculture, we gained a better understanding.

Fig T1.3 a short explanation of our chosen topic; the subculture/brief clarification, Week 2 (20/02/2024)

2. CHANGE OF SUBCULTURE TOPIC

After our first online meeting, we all agreed to settle on the Goth Subculture. We gathered various research materials on goths and later determined which information to incorporate into our presentation slides.

Fig T1.4 Plan/schedule of research and sketches ,Week 2 (21/02/2024)

3. RATIONALE OF THE GOTH SUBCULTURE

Fig T1.5 Rationale-the goth subculture, Week 2 (22/02/2024)

4. RESEARCH

Since we're working on the research together, some points were already covered by other members. Therefore, I focused on writing the introduction of Goths. However, I also extensively researched the goth subculture, including their stereotypes, fashion, interests, and more by reading various websites and sources to gain a deeper understanding. Through the exploration, I found fascinating details about the goth subculture. In fact, like most people, I had certain thoughts and stereotypes about goths beforehand, but now that I've delved into the subject, I realize that many of those stereotypes were inaccurate or incomplete.

While conducting research about goths, I came across an article that caught my attention. It discussed how goths have been participating in protests in China to raise awareness and oppose discrimination against them. The article highlighted an incident in Guangzhou, China, where a goth was asked to remove her heavy makeup (heavy eye make-up and dark lipstick) before boarding the subway during 2019. It discusses how goths often face stereotypes and misunderstandings due to their appearance and interests, but they continue to defend their rights to be themselves, emphasizing individuality and freedom of expression in the goth community.

Fig T1.6 an image from the article , Week 2 (22/02/2024)

5. SKECTH

For the sketch portion, Suet Yee, Mei Hui, and I collaborated to create visual concepts aimed at raising awareness and fostering cultural understanding and acceptance of goth individuals in society.

References:

https://in.pinterest.com/pin/659777414177956442/ https://www.pinterest.com/pin/809803576777218455/ https://www.pinterest.com/pin/809803576777237136/

Fig T1.7 References for sketch, Week 2 (22/02/2024)

Rough Sketch: Illustration poster-The Goth and her cat

I came up with an idea inspired by the stereotypes of goths and the article I've read. The illustration portrays a goth protagonist holding a cat and surrounded by many eyes, symbolizing society's gaze and the judgments influenced by stereotypes associated with goth culture (which are not very positive). Despite the protagonist's dark appearance, the inclusion of the cat (which cats are often associated with mystery and independence, relating to the goth's personality) portrays her softer side and mysterious personality. The goth character represents being unique and true to oneself, while the act of holding the cat reflects kindness. Overall, this illustration poster raises awareness about the importance of not making quick judgments based solely on someone's appearance.

Fig T1.8 Sketch, Week 2 (22/02/2024)

While I contributed an illustration poster related to the goth subculture, I was inspired by the creativity of my group members' ideas. Despite feeling that my sketch may have been more straightforward, I still believe that every idea adds value and I am confident that our collective efforts will have a meaningful impact in raising awareness.

6. WORKING ON SLIDES AND RECORDING FOR PRESENTATION

Before the submission date was postponed to Sunday, February 25th, our plan was to complete our slides and record our presentation on Friday, February 23rd, as we all needed to be on campus for a lecture class in the afternoon.

Everyone worked on the slides together and completed in about an hour(or more). After the lecture class, we began working on the presentation. There were minor issues when we were trying to record the meet while presenting. Nevertheless, we quickly found the solution and took few attempts to get everything perfectly done, in terms of introducing ourselves and speaking fluently, etc. during presentation.

Here shows our group photo during our first (6/6) meet:

Fig T1.9 first group photo! (for fun), Week 2 (23/02/2024)

from left to right→ Emily Goh➛Suet Yee➛Mei Hui➛Xiao Fang➛Seona Choi(Sona)➛Chayanit Choo(Sien)

SUBMISSION FOR TASK 1-PROPOSAL

Fig T1.10 Submission for Proposal-Google Slides, Week 2 (25/02/2024)

Fig T1.11 Submission for Proposal-Presentation, Week 2 (25/02/2024)

TASK 2: FIELD STUDY

Week 4: To continue the assessment of Task 1 by conducting data collection and data compilation.

Week 5: We will present and work with the collected data, we need to gather visual, oral, textual, and tactile items related to the theme and research goals. These items will be used as research materials for Project 1 (proposal) development. We ought to document all items collected, noting their type, purpose, symbolism, and cultural/historical background.

Data Collection Methods

observational studies
stakeholder interviews (from the lecture series, you may approach any of the guest speakers for an interview, if you deem their presentation useful for further research)
visual research of the selected culture, online and/or physical materials (people/arts/symbols/architecture/text/calligraphy etc.)

PROCESS

1. SECONDARY(ONLINE) RESEARCH TOPICS

Moving on to our second task, we had an online meeting to discuss about the secondary research.

Fig T2.1 Summary of the online meet, Week 3 (27/02/2024)

2. CREATING GOOGLE FORM AND SENDING QUESTIONS

There were many questions listed in the Google Docs, and we selected the best and most suitable ones to include in the online survey form.

Fig T2.2 Chosen questions for the online survey form, Week 3 (29/02/2024)

After that, Mei Hui and I worked on creating the online survey form while Suet Yee and Sien sent the online interview questions to accounts of Goths on Instagram.

Fig T2.3 Online Interview Questions, Week 3 (29/02/2024)

Fig T2.4 selected accounts on Instagram, Week 3 (29/02/2024)

Most of the accounts don't accept messages from the public/people that don't follow. Therefore, we thought that we would have to try posting the questions on Quora or Reddit if there wasn't enough response. In the end, we got three response (which was what we expected at least) after sending to every account above.

DISCOVERIES

After conducting online survey and data analysis, we found out the Goth subculture is not popular in Malaysia, but many still know about it. However, some of the respondents believe false stereotypes of Goth, causing them to avoid interaction with Goths. We also observed that the majority of respondents prefers poker card design to promote cultural sensitivity towards the subculture.

Through the online interview, we were able to get an insight about the experiences and beliefs of actual Goths. They were all influenced by Goth subculture through music and fashion. They are not afraid to be different for loving the things they love although they may face judgement from other people. They shouldn’t be labelled and defined by the stereotypes as they are just being themselves.

3. FIELD TRIP (DATA COLLECTION)

We attempted to visit gothic shops/cafes in Malaysia for our research, but they were difficult to locate. Since Sona was in Korea & Japan, we requested her assistance in identifying shops with gothic elements that could contribute to our research. Unfortunately, she couldn't find any gothic stores but did find accessories. Consequently, we explored shops(I-socks store & Lovisa)at shopping malls to spot accessories and clothing items commonly worn by Goths. Other than that, we searched for several churches, considering their potential relevance to the historical context of our chosen topic.

Options of Churches to visit:

Church of the Holy Rosary, Kuala Lumpur
St. Andrew's Presbyterian Church, Kuala Lumpur
St. John's Cathedral (Kuala Lumpur)

We chose to visit Church of the Holy Rosary, Kuala Lumpur due to its Victorian-style architecture.

Fig T2.5 some photographs taken at the Church, Week 4 (03/03/2024)

Fig T2.6 Field trip to the Church, Week 4 (03/03/2024)

Fig T2.7 some photographs taken at stores(in One Utama), Week 3 (03/03/2024)
[refer more in slides]

After visiting the church, we went to the I-Socks store at Berjaya Times Square, KL. Unfortunately, the store didn't permit recording or taking photos. However, we needed data for our research, so we discreetly captured a quick and unclear video of the clothing items(images are in slides). While it may not have been the right thing to do, we were unable to find any other gothic stores, and we hope our tutor understands our situation. There was another section of I-socks but we weren't allowed to enter because we weren't members of the shop. So we left the mall, thinking we had enough pictures from previous days.(from one utama)

CONCLUSION— KEY DISCOVERIES

If we had to describe the goth subculture in two keywords, it would be:

UNOTHORDOX & MISDEFINED

After conducting data collection, we have concluded that the Goth subculture is too often misjudged and mistreated due to the false negative stereotypes surrounding them. Although they may adopt a lifestyle and possess interests that are different and controversial, they are still normal harmless people to their core who are just being their own unique selves. They should not be defined and labeled by the public's misconception towards them. Furthermore, we have learned to appreciate the unique and beautiful gothic aesthetic. Since it has been observed that the Goth subculture is not popular in Malaysia, we wish to promote it through our final design and educate the public about the truth of the Goth subculture.

SUBMISSION FOR TASK 2- FIELD STUDY

Fig T2.8 Submission— Data Collection, Week 5 (17/03/2024)

FINAL ASSESSMENT

We are expected to create visual design outcomes based on our interpretation of the chosen theme.

Week 7: Data presentation and transformation, we are required to use the research trip data to create visual designs that express our understanding of "Framing", considering cultural and aesthetic factors along with our design skills. We are encouraged to experiment with different techniques, such as manual, digital, or combined media approaches.

On Week 5, we showed our sketches to Dr Charles, he liked the Bearbrick idea and recommended us to explore more on it (more details on feedback). He gave another idea which was more interesting, he suggested us to try dressing up as a goth. Record/photoshoot a social experiment by dressing up as Goth/Gothic style and see people's reaction.

PROCESS

1. INITIAL PLAN

Initially, we considered conducting a social experiment where everyone in the group would dress up as goths and participate in a video or photo shoot. I felt it would be more fair, as it would allow everyone to be equally involved in the project, addressing the inequalities in our tasks. However, due to some group members expressing discomfort with this idea, we decided to change our plan.

Fig T3.1 Suggestion of idea, Week 6 (13/03/2024)

2. IDEAS FOR FINAL PROJECT

We had a group call at night to talk about our ideas. The ideas mentioned were:

Goth and normal self hugging
- photoshoot of one non gothic person hugging a goth
Goth holding a Barbie doll
-to present the characteristics/inner self of a Goth(unlike their appearances)
Stereotypes written on goth's body
Photoshoot of goth(dressing) in dark places (woods, church at night, deserted places)
GIF animation transition from normal self to goth
-glitch or card flipping transition

Fig T3.2 Poll results of the ideas, Week 6 (15/03/2024)

It was a tie! So we decided to wait for the next day for consultation.

3. FINAL IDEA

We presented our ideas to our supervisor, who found both of them to be great. After mentioning that some of us were uncomfortable with the notion of appearing in public as goths for the social experiment, he proposed an alternative approach. He suggested creating a photoshoot of ourselves dressed as goths and using it for a poster or magazine cover. Still, some members were reluctant to appear in photos. Consequently, we had to explore a different option, ultimately deciding on the idea of creating a photo album featuring the photoshoot, without requiring everyone to be in it.

We planned to take a series of freestyle photos with various poses and activities, then select the most suitable ones and develop a narrative or meaning behind them.

Fig T3.3 References of layout for photo album, Week 7 (22/03/2024)

(references of photoshoot refer to data collection slides)

After our final discussion, everyone opted to have two people dressed as Goths and two dressed in a completely different style as a contrast with the Goths, wearing white dresses and light makeup. Our aim is to convey a message and raise awareness regarding the stereotypes associated with Goths. The individuals not dressed in Gothic attire could symbolize the inner personality or softer side of the Goths, or depict them as friends engaging in typical activities that people usually do.

Although our final idea didn't directly stem from any of our initial sketches, it incorporates elements from each of them, especially from the idea of the Bearbrick. This led us to explore a further direction and eventually resulted in our latest idea. Overall, we centered our focus on addressing stereotypes and conveying a message that aligns with our objectives.

Task Delegations:

Gothic dressing— Mei Hui, Sona
White dressing— Emily, Suet Yee
Makeup & Photography— Sien, Xiao Fang

4. PHOTOSHOOT TRIP

Initially, we considered going to the cemetery for the photoshoot, but it was too unsafe! So, we all decided to visit the Church of the Holy Rosary, KL, for its architecture, and the Perdana Botanical Garden for the photoshoot, as it offered more freedom for shooting.

What happened?

While on our way to the Botanical Garden from campus, it started raining, and when we checked Google, it showed that the garden was already closed at 6 pm. We quickly searched for an alternative filming location and decided on YYY KL at Pasar Seni. With its dark, mysterious interior, we thought it would be suitable for the photoshoot. Since it was already late, we opted to have dinner there. Before heading to the cafe, around 7 pm, we took a walk to the nearby church. Fortunately, the rain had stopped by then. We also contemplated visiting Merdeka Square for its historical significance, which could have added depth to our work, and it was conveniently close to the cafe. However, given that it was already late at night, we prioritized safety and decided to leave after visiting the cafe.

5. FINAL PRODUCT— PHOTO ALBUM:MISDEFINED

After taking over 250 photos, we carefully selected around 20+ images deemed suitable for inclusion in the final photo album. Following this, Sien created editable slides on Canva, enabling everyone to collaborate in arranging the album. Additionally, Mei Hui and Suet Yee separately created their own slides on Canva to design the photo album, which proved to be more convenient. Then, during our final group call for the project, we discussed our final design by voting. We came up with the final design by selecting or combining certain arrangements or elements from each other's work and applied some words in it.

Fig T3.4 Final outcome of digital photo album(page by page), Week 7 (23/03/2024)

(refer to final slides for more details of process and the final design)

FINAL SUBMISSION

Fig T3.5 Submission for Final Assessment— Photo Album: 'MISDEFINED' , Week 8 (28/03/2024)

Fig T3.6 Submission for Final Assessment-Presentation, Week 8 ( 28/03/2024)

MORE PHOTOS

Although they might not be directly related to the assignment, I believe they were part of our progress and experience. I want to keep them here(even though it's unnecessary), because I find them nice and see them as a record. This includes our group photos from the cafe and some photos I liked.

Fig M1.1 more photos, Week 7 (23/03/2024)

FEEDBACK

WEEK 1

no feedback given (its just the first week of class)

WEEK 2

Specific Feedback

we did not receive feedback, but we had asked Mr Asrizal(the day before we changed our topic) regarding our initial topic which we were not entirely sure at first

Fig F1.1 consultation for feedback, Week 2(20/02/2024)

WEEK 3

no feedback given-data collection week

WEEK 4

Specific Feedback

an update of our progress in Teams, no feedback

Fig F2.1 Update of progress in Teams, Week 4 (04/03/2024)

WEEK 5

Specific Feedback

Through the process so far, think of two specific words that most related/learnt from this project
Goth- Are they Real people or Fake people?
Dr Charles shared about his experience where he had interaction with a goth(goths)
look up for “visual kei”

Slides:

cut down the information in the slides because we have to present it later on.
don't need TOO much information
insert more images especially because our topic is about Goth

Sketches:

can further explore more on the bearbrick idea
instead of using a bearbrick as the base(because its too cute), explore more and play around
for example: Barbie doll (known for being a brilliant, gorgeous woman that everyone loves, but somehow she's a Goth. This is to show the unexpected, breaking the rules of what people expect Barbie to be, something out of the box)

Another suggestion by Dr Charles:

Dr Charles asked the reason why we choose to explore on this topic (since it doesn't seem like any of our(clothing) styles, completely the opposite😆)
because of that, we were given an idea to show 'the unexpected side' of us--dressing up as a Goth?!
Dr Charles: "I enjoy 'breaking the rules' to see people's reaction!"
record/photoshoot a social experiment by dressing up as Goth/Gothic style and see people's reaction (have to go somewhere with more people)
"Since you all are taking this module in this semester, take the opportunity to try something different. should be more fun and exaggerate."
stop trying to play it safe!

Fig F2.2 a brief explanation/summary of the feedback (of whatever we remembered), Week 5 (08/03/2024)

WEEK 6

Specific Feedback

think of the purpose behind the final work
put yourself in the audiences shoes
both ideas works
consider going to the cemetery for photoshoot
album idea is cool!

REFLECTION

Experience

At the start, our group was confused and struggled to understand the task. There comes a new member who requested to join our group, she helped us gain a clearer understanding of the task's requirements. Soon, we had our first meeting to discuss about which subculture we should research on. Then, we changed our topic to the Goth Subculture and began doing research about it. For the sketching part, I couldn't come up with something until I have read the article found during the research for the reference of images and the research of the subculture. There I got an idea and took inspiration from it.

Moving on to our second task, we had slightly fewer group interactions compared to the first task. However, we continued to discuss our project online. Sona and Sien were not in Malaysia on certain days, about 2 weeks, as they had to return to their respective countries during those times and Xiao Fang had to work. Unfortunately, this meant we couldn't go out together for the field trip as I had hoped. I had looked forward to our first trip together during our initial meeting, as it would have been a great opportunity to bond and make memories. So, only Mei Hui, Suet Yee, and I were able to attend. We went to places to take pictures of the data, it was a thrilling experience and we took the opportunity to have fun while completing our assignments.

For our final assignment, we initially had different opinions. However, after extensive discussions, we all finally agreed on the same direction. Sona graciously offered her place for us to get ready before the photoshoot. Therefore, we gathered at Sona's dorm for makeup and preparation of our outfits. Xiao Fang and Sien expertly applied gothic makeup on Mei Hui and Sona, it was incredibly done and they looked stunning! Although there were some changes in our plans on the way to the chosen destination, I'm glad that we quickly adapted and found an alternative location. While walking to the church, which was at a certain distance, we encountered a somewhat dangerous situation. Near the bridge, there were random people loitering around, giving off an odd vibe. As young girls walking in an area with few tourists or locals, we felt uneasy. Fortunately, it was not yet too dark, and there were at least six of us together. Nevertheless, to prioritize our safety, we took Grab back to Pasar Seni, where the cafe was located, considering the darkness of the evening. During the photoshoot, everything went smooth! Despite that, when we first entered the cafe, the owner gave us a strange look, possibly due to our makeup. They might have been concerned that we would upload inappropriate photos to the internet or social media, potentially damaging the cafe's image. After explaining that it was for an assignment and identifying ourselves as students from Taylor's, the owner remained skeptical but eventually permitted us to take photos. We spent some time there and enjoyed dinner together. The food was delicious, perhaps partly because we were quite hungry!

Time has flown by, and this module for the short semester has come to an end surprisingly quickly :< At first, I was not really excited for the class since we had already been assigned into specific groups(we were told this way), and I was worried about being separated from my close friends. Fortunately, my two close friends from the same course and semester ended up in the same group as me. This was especially lucky because each group could only have a maximum of three people with the same colour sticker. We found other two members, and immediately got along when we first talked. From that moment, we began our journey together to complete our group assignment. We had difficulties with some tasks as not everyone had the same idea. Still, I'm truly grateful with everything and I have learnt a lot in this module, not just about the coursework but more to life. Working with diverse group members from different backgrounds has taught me the importance of collaboration and understanding. Despite the initial challenges, we were able to overcome them together and produce meaningful work. This experience has made me believe more in teamwork and has prepared me for the future. As the module ends, I feel proud and grateful for our journey together. Although we've only known each other for a short while, I hope we'll have the opportunity to hang out sometime!

Observations

Through the task, I realized that there were many things I didn't know about Goths. From the researches and readings helped me gain a better understanding. Besides the coursework, I observed about the group, as well as each group members. We all seem to have common interests and like things related to fashion. How cool is that?! Well, other than that, I noticed that as a group, we sometimes don't apply enough teamwork and communication. Personally, I have actively participated in every meeting. Although I occasionally provide suggestions, I feel that I'm not very good at expressing my ideas and often go along with the majority. Some members usually couldn't make it to the meetings or discussions(at first). This causes unfairness because other members always make time for the meetings/discussions. Fortunately, even though they couldn't participate in the discussions, they still managed to get their parts done. Nevertheless, as we reached the end of our project, everyone actively participated in all tasks, supporting each other throughout the process, and creating wonderful memories together!

Findings

From our work on this project, we've all gained a deeper understanding of the goth subculture. Personally, I found this to be a valuable experience, as I had never considered learning about them before. Thanks to this assignment, I had the opportunity to delve into their world and even came close to dressing up as one before our final idea took shape.

To address challenges like uneven workload distribution and difficulties in expressing ideas, it's crucial for everyone to actively participate in discussions and contribute ideas bravely.

Reflecting on my experience, I realize that completing the Intercultural Design module individually would have been much more challenging without the support of group work. This underscores the importance of teamwork! Moreover, the module also serves as a great opportunity for us to make new friends from different backgrounds, enriching our overall learning experience. Overall, this module provides an excellent opportunity for students to explore different cultures and subcultures, conducting research to expand their knowledge and understanding.

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Emily Goh Jin Yee 0357722

INTERCULTURAL DESIGN PROPOSAL, DATA COLLECTION & VISUAL DESIGN

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